"This means that anyone who belongs to Christ has become a new person. The old life is gone; a new life has begun!" (2 Cor. 5:17 NLT)

"For I know the plans I have for you,” says the Lord. “They are plans for good and not for disaster, to give you a future and a hope. In those days when you pray, I will listen. If you look for me wholeheartedly, you will find me. I will be found by you,” says the Lord. “I will end your captivity and restore your fortunes. I will gather you out of the nations where I sent you and will bring you home again to your own land.” (Jeremiah 29:11-14 NLT)

Tuesday, December 17, 2013

Does “Xmas” Really Take Christ out of Christmas?


This post is in no way meant to ruffle feathers.  It is just meant to educate.  I implore you to read the entire post through before you think I am being disrespectful.  This was something I have been curious about and now that I have the facts, find quite interesting.  Perhaps you will too.  The history of the word "Xmas" is actually more respectable, and fascinating, than you might suspect.

Most of us have heard this all of our lives – Spelling Christmas as “Xmas” is taking Christ out of Christmas.  I’ll bet a lot of us have even heard it said this month, perhaps this week, maybe even today.

So, is it true?  Is it disrespectful?  Is it sacrilegious?  Let’s find out…

Misconceptions

The notion that ‘Xmas’ is a new and vulgar representation of the word ‘Christmas’ seems to stem from the erroneous belief that the letter ‘X’ is used to stand for the word ‘Christ’ because of its resemblance to a cross, or that the abbreviation was deliberately concocted as a secular attempt to remove the religious tradition from Christmas by taking the “Christ” out of “Christmas”.

The X

The Basics

The first letter in the Greek word for ‘Christ’, Χριστός , is ‘chi’.  The Greek letter ‘chi’ is represented by a symbol similar to the letter ‘X’ in the modern Roman alphabet.  The Greek word Χριστός comes into English as ‘Christ’.


The Details

The word "Christ" and its compounds, including "Christmas", have been abbreviated in English for at least the past 1,000 years, long before the modern "Xmas" was commonly used.  "Christ" was often written as "Xρ" or "Xt"; there are references in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as far back as 1021.  This X and P arose as the uppercase forms of the Greek letters χ (Ch) and ρ (R) used in ancient abbreviations for Χριστος (Greek for "Christ"), and are still widely seen in many Eastern Orthodox icons depicting Jesus Christ.  The labarum, an amalgamation of the two Greek letters rendered as , is a symbol often used to represent Christ in Catholic, Protestant, and Orthodox Christian Churches.

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) and the OED Supplement have cited usages of "X-" or "Xp-" for "Christ-" as early as 1485.  The terms "Xtian" and less commonly "Xpian" have also been used for "Christian".  The OED further cites usage of "Xtianity" for "Christianity" from 1634.  According to Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of English Usage, most of the evidence for these words comes from "educated Englishmen who knew their Greek".

In ancient Christian art, χ and χρ are abbreviations for Christ's name.  In many manuscripts of the New Testament and icons, Χ is an abbreviation for Χριστος, as is XC (the first and last letters in Greek, using the lunate sigma); compare IC for Jesus in Greek.

The Labarum

The labarum, often called the Chi-Rho, is a symbol representing Christ.  There is general agreement that it is likely the oldest known monogram for Christ.


The “mas”

The “mas” part in Xmas and Christmas is from the Latin-derived Old English word for “Mass”.

Etymology of the Word “Christmas” and “Xmas”

"Christmas" is a compound word originating in the term "Christ's Mass".

It is derived from the Middle English Cristemasse, which is from Old English Crīstesmæsse, a phrase first recorded in 1038 followed by the word Cristes-messe in 1131.  

Crīst (genitive Crīstes) is from Greek Khrīstos (Χριστός), a translation of Hebrew Māšîaḥ (מָשִׁיחַ), "Messiah", meaning "annointed"; and mæsse is from Latin missa, the celebration of the Eucharist.

The form "Christenmas" was also historically used, but is now considered archaic and dialectal; it derives from Middle English Cristenmasse, literally "Christian mass".

"Xmas" is an abbreviation of Christmas found particularly in print, based on the initial letter chi (Χ) in Greek Khrīstos (Χριστός), "Christ", though numerous style guides discourage its use; it has precedent in Middle English Χρ̄es masse (where "Χρ̄" is an abbreviation for Χριστός).

Legitimate?

‘Xmas’ is indeed a perfectly legitimate abbreviation for the word ‘Christmas’.  In fact, ‘Xian’ is also sometimes used as an abbreviation of the word ‘Christian’.

Other proper names containing the name "Christ" besides those mentioned previously are sometimes abbreviated similarly, either as "X" or "Xt", both of which have been used historically, e.g., "Xtopher" or "Xopher" for "Christopher", or "Xtina" or "Xina" for the name "Christina".

Should I Be Offended?

None of this means that Christians aren't justified in feeling slighted or offended when people write ‘Xmas’ rather than ‘Christmas’, but the point is that the abbreviation was not created specifically for the purpose of demeaning Christ, Christians, Christianity, or Christmas.  It’s a very old artifact of a very different language.

Whether the use of ‘Xmas’ offends you or not is a personal decision.  I’m not here to tell you whether you should or should not be offended.

Personally, whether or not the word ‘Xmas’ offends me depends entirely on the writer’s intentions.  The meaning isn't measured in the word itself, but the sentiment and intent behind the word.

If the writer’s intentions are to intentionally remove ‘Christ’ from ‘Christmas’, then yes, I would be offended.

(Of course, I would now, being educated of its meaning, chuckle at this writer as they clearly do not know the true meaning of the abbreviated word.  Their effort to remove Christ was in vain, as the "X" means "Christ" and they are unknowingly leaving Him right where He belongs.)

If the writer is educated and his intentions are to use the word for what it truly means, then I would not be offended at all.

Etiquette

So, should I use ‘Xmas’?  Again, that’s a personal decision you have to make.  I’m not here to sway you one way or the other.

Personally, due to the fact that most folks are not educated on the true origination of the abbreviation ‘Xmas’ and its true meaning, I wouldn't use it in normal circumstances.  Since the misconception is that the abbreviation ‘Xmas’ is a removal of ‘Christ’ from ‘Christmas’, and most folks have this misconception and find it offensive, intentionally using it around those who would be offended is not something I would do.

The Christian Writer’s Manual of Style, while acknowledging the ancient and respectful use of “Xmas” in the past, states that the spelling should never be used in formal writing.

“The abbreviation Xmas (sometimes spelled Exmas) for Christmas should be avoided in formal writing.  It is appropriate only for advertising copy and is usually considered substandard even there.  Oddly enough, the abbreviation has a long and established history in English, dating back to its Old English form used in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle of the twelfth century.  The X is actually the Greek letter chi and has been used as a symbol for the name of Christ (Christos) since the first century.

Christ is ALWAYS There!

So, whether it's "Merry Christmas", "Merry CHRISTmas" or "Merry Xmas", remember, Christ is ALWAYS there!  Try as someone might, you just can't take the Christ out of Christmas!

The Geek in Me

And now a funny, because, yeah, I'm nerdy like that.  All you fellow Algebra and math geeks out there will get a kick out of this one.  Enjoy!

1)  X + Mas = Christ + Mas

2)  X + Mas = Christ + Mas
          - Mas              - Mas

3)  X = Christ

References






No comments:

Post a Comment